From CloseKnit Primary Care's Chief Medical Officer,
Mindi Cohen, D.O.
With cases of cyclosporiasis rising across the nation, it can be easy to feel overwhelmed or scared. When things feel uncertain, knowing the facts and signs of infection can help you remain calm, and know when to see a provider.
Cyclospora is a microscopic parasite (Cyclospora cayetanensis) that infects the intestines and causes an illness called cyclosporiasis. It is a foodborne illness that can cause severe gastrointestinal symptoms and can last for weeks if not treated. The good news is, it's easily treatable.
This parasite is most commonly found on fresh produce, and causes severe diarrhea which can lead to dehydration and other complications. Authorities have currently linked the nationwide outbreak to certain lettuce products.
People can become infected after consuming food or water contaminated with human fecal matter that contains the parasite. Fresh produce is a common source because contamination can occur during the growing, harvesting, or packaging processes.
Cyclospora is not typically spread directly from person to person as the parasite needs time in an environment before it becomes infectious, making it less likely for direct transmission between people.
To reduce the risk of infection during the time of an active outbreak, avoid eating any products recalled by the FDA or CDC and practice safe food handling. Wash all produce thoroughly, clean preparation surfaces, and wash hands properly while handling food.
While practicing appropriate food handling can help reduce the risk, washing foods doesn't guarantee the removal of Cyclospora from contaminated produce. Cooking foods to an internal temperature of at least 158°F can kill the parasite.
These foods may not be currently recalled, but are higher-risk and have been linked to previous outbreaks:
Symptoms typically start about one week after exposure, but can appear anywhere from 2-14 days after. The most common symptoms are:
Frequent watery or "explosive" diarrhea
Loss of appetite
Weight loss
Stomach cramps, bloating, and gas
Nausea
Fatigue
When symptoms are recognized, especially early on, cyclosporiasis can be easily treated. It's diagnosed by a simple stool test called GI Profile, PCR (biofire) which can report the results in about 3 days. It is easily treated with antibiotics–most commonly Bactrim DS(sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim).
If you, or a loved one are experiencing symptoms of cyclosporiasis, do not wait to get care. If symptoms are worsening or you're experiencing severe dehydration, seek medical care immediately.